The three pastoral letters or epistles are books of the canonical New Testament: the First Epistle to Timothy (1 Timothy) the Second Epistle to Timothy (2 Timothy) and the Epistle to Titus. They are letters from Paul the Apostle to Timothy and to Titus. They are generally discussed as a group (sometimes with the addition of the Epistle to Philemon) and are given the title pastoral because they are addressed to individuals with pastoral oversight of churches and discuss issues of Christian living, doctrine and leadership. While the title is not technically quite correct in that the Epistles do not deal with pastoral duties in the sense of the cure of souls, yet it is popularly appropriate as denoting the essentially practical nature of the subject matter as distinguished from the other Epistles attributed to Paul. The term "pastorals" was popularised in 1703 by D. N. Berdot and in 1726 by Paul Anton.

1 Timothy 5:3, 4 Proper Recognition

1 Timothy 5:3, 4 Give proper recognition to those widows who are really in need.  But if a widow has children or grandchildren, these should learn first of all to put their religion into practice by caring for their own family and so repaying their parents and grandparents, for this is pleasing to God.
It is probably the mention of how Timothy should relate to older women that leads Paul on to speak about widows. Timothy has a responsibility to Give proper recognition to ... widows but only those who are really in need. There seems to have been a list in those days of people who were helped by the church and who helped the church. Today things are different but the need to give proper recognition to those who work in the church continues. Some will be paid staff (ministers, assistant ministers, caretakers, secretaries, musicians) others will act voluntarily (deacons, cleaners, caterers, musicians, etc) but ought to be thanked. What Paul is guarding against here is putting people on the list who should not be on it. If a widow has children or grandchildren, he says these should learn first of all to put their religion into practice by caring for their own family and so repaying their parents and grandparents, for this is pleasing to God. The danger of simply relying on the church to provide money and other physical benefits is a real one and must be avoided. If a church employs staff, it needs to consider whether things can be trimmed down. People must recognise the voluntary principle, especially where their own families are concerned. This is an outworking of the doves and serpents principle that Jesus iterates in the context of mission in Matthew 10.

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