The three pastoral letters or epistles are books of the canonical New Testament: the First Epistle to Timothy (1 Timothy) the Second Epistle to Timothy (2 Timothy) and the Epistle to Titus. They are letters from Paul the Apostle to Timothy and to Titus. They are generally discussed as a group (sometimes with the addition of the Epistle to Philemon) and are given the title pastoral because they are addressed to individuals with pastoral oversight of churches and discuss issues of Christian living, doctrine and leadership. While the title is not technically quite correct in that the Epistles do not deal with pastoral duties in the sense of the cure of souls, yet it is popularly appropriate as denoting the essentially practical nature of the subject matter as distinguished from the other Epistles attributed to Paul. The term "pastorals" was popularised in 1703 by D. N. Berdot and in 1726 by Paul Anton.

1 Timothy 5:23 Drink Wine

1 Timothy 5:23 Stop drinking only water, and use a little wine because of your stomach and your frequent illnesses.
We get the impression that Timothy was a rather timid and, it seems, a fastidious man. This verse suggests that he was in the habit of drinking only water rather than wine, no doubt for reasons of sobriety. The problem was that it was not doing his stomach any good and he was frequently ill. Given the unreliable nature of the water supply in those days he was pursuing a risky strategy and Paul very practically advises that he should abandon this practice and start drinking wine, which being alcoholic was, of course, much safer. This raises a number of issues including the need to look after our health, especially if we are preachers, and the danger of over-conscientiousness being detrimental to a person's overall usefulness. It is Paul's ability to cut through issues and see what really matters that is part of his genius. He sees that fastidiousness about drinking wine is ruining Timothy's health and so must not be allowed to continue. Better to drink wine and be well. The applications of such an understanding are many.

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