The three pastoral letters or epistles are books of the canonical New Testament: the First Epistle to Timothy (1 Timothy) the Second Epistle to Timothy (2 Timothy) and the Epistle to Titus. They are letters from Paul the Apostle to Timothy and to Titus. They are generally discussed as a group (sometimes with the addition of the Epistle to Philemon) and are given the title pastoral because they are addressed to individuals with pastoral oversight of churches and discuss issues of Christian living, doctrine and leadership. While the title is not technically quite correct in that the Epistles do not deal with pastoral duties in the sense of the cure of souls, yet it is popularly appropriate as denoting the essentially practical nature of the subject matter as distinguished from the other Epistles attributed to Paul. The term "pastorals" was popularised in 1703 by D. N. Berdot and in 1726 by Paul Anton.

1 Timothy 4:2 Hypocritical Liars

1 Timothy 4:2 Such teachings come through hypocritical liars, whose consciences have been seared as with a hot iron.
1 Timothy 4 begins with a reference to people abandoning the faith and following deceiving spirits and things taught by demons. Verse 2 goes on to say that these teachings come through hypocritical liars, whose consciences have been seared as with a hot iron. What they teach then is not true - they are liars. It has an appearance of good, however, because they are hypocritical liars. How can they carry it off? Paul says that their consciences have been seared as with a hot iron which is probably a  reference to desensitisation. People were aware that cauterisation, as in branding, left the skin no longer sensitive. Something similar happens with regard to conscience in these people. Their consciences no longer react as they should and so they are able to lie and act hypocritically without it bothering them too much. It is like the description in Ephesians 4:19 of people who having lost all sensitivity, they have given themselves over to sensuality so as to indulge in every kind of impurity ....  It is important to remember this as it explains how some religious leaders cannot be taken at face value. It is also a reminder of the danger of desensitising one's own conscience to the point where it hardly functions. Such desensitisation does not come overnight but from long neglect.

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